Card game cheat detector

ABSTRACT

A fraud detection device  10  is provided at a table  1 , and it detects a fraud in a card game that is played on the table  1 . The fraud detection device  10  obtains entering card information to identify an entering card that is a card entering each game. The entering card information is stored while a game is being played. The fraud detection device  10  also obtains leaving card information to identify a leaving card that is a card leaving a game. Whether an entering card and a leaving card are identical or not is judged by comparing the entering card information and the leaving card information. The judgment result is outputted using an indicator. A fraud in a card game can be detected on the spot.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a card game fraud detection device, andspecifically relates to a device for detecting a fraud in a card gamethat is continuously played on a table.

BACKGROUND ART

One of devices of this kind is disclosed in International Publication WO02/064225 A1. In the document, a code representing a group (or set) towhich a card belongs is provided on the card by printing or the like. Aninspection device in FIGS. 6 and 8 in the document reads a code fromeach card of a used group (see pages 15 to 17). Based on a code readfrom a card, the inspection device then judges whether an abnormal cardis mixed in the group or not.

The above-mentioned conventional device is conducive to preventing fraudby inspecting whether a card belongs to a predetermined group or not.However, it may be difficult for such a device to detect a fraud on thespot when a fraud is committed.

In Baccarat, for example, cards are dealt to two players (Baccarat isplayed by a player and a banker as is commonly known, but a banker iscalled a player in the present application). In a game of Baccarat, aplayer turns over a card in a manner called “squeeze.” The right of“squeeze” is given generally to a player who made the highest bet. Atthe time of this “squeeze,” a fraud player substitutes a card by amagician-like technique. It is desirable to be able to detect such afraud on the spot.

Players could be forbidden to turn over a card in order to prevent afraud. However, turning over a card by a player is an important factorin the fun of a game of Baccarat. Particularly, having the right of“squeeze” is high status in Baccarat, so “squeeze” is important for thefun of the game.

Though the above example referred to Baccarat, it is also desired todetect a fraud on the spot in Poker or other games as well.

In addition, various inspection devices have been proposed besides theabove-mentioned conventional device, but many conventionally proposeddevices comprise a mechanism to successively transfer a lot of cards inorder to inspect the whole group at a time, and they are relativelylarge. Under these circumstances, it is required to enable reliabledetection of frauds with a simple and inexpensive configuration.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

A purpose of the invention made in the above-mentioned background is toprovide a device that can detect a fraud in a card game on the spot.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a device that can detecta fraud with a relatively simple and inexpensive configuration.

To achieve the above purposes, a card game fraud detection device of theinvention detects a fraud in a card game that is continuously played.The device of the invention comprises: an entering card informationobtaining means for obtaining entering card information to identify anentering card that is a card entering each game; an entering cardinformation storage means for storing the entering card informationwhile a game is being played; a leaving card information obtaining meansfor obtaining leaving card information to identify a leaving card thatis a card leaving a game; a judgment means for judging whether theentering card and the leaving card are identical or not based on theentering card information and the leaving card information; and anoutput means for outputting a judgment result.

The above device of the invention judges whether an entering card and aleaving card are identical or not, and outputs the judgment result.Therefore, when a card is fraudulently substituted in a game, this actof substitution can be detected.

The device of the invention has only to obtain information on enteringcards and leaving cards. In a game of Baccarat, for example, the numbersof entering cards and leaving cards are at most six. For this reason, ameans to transfer a group of cards need not be provided, so that thedevice can be composed simply and inexpensively.

By the way, entering card information and leaving card information maybe minimum information required according to a rule of a card game towhich the device of the invention is applied. Card marks are representedby suits (spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs) and ranks (numerals 1 to10, J, Q, and K). In Baccarat, suits do not affect a game, and J, Q, andK are treated as 10 (or zero). Therefore, entering card information andleaving card information may only be 1 to 10 (J, Q, and K are includedin 10). Much more information may of course be obtained.

Moreover, within the scope of the invention, the device of the inventionmay use as entering card information and leaving card information a coderepresenting a group (or set). A group is one deck for example, or aplurality of decks for example. A group code attached to an enteringcard is compared with a group code attached to a leaving card.Conformity between an entering card and a leaving card can also bejudged in this case. Information other than a group code, which bringsthe same result, may of course be used.

The card game fraud detection device of the invention typically has areading means for reading information from a card, wherein the enteringcard information obtaining means and the leaving card informationobtaining means obtain information that is read by the reading means.

The reading means may read a code that can identify each card, the codebeing given to each card. The reading means preferably reads from a carda code that is invisible to a naked human eye under normal useconditions and that visible under certain conditions. The reading meansreads a code that becomes visible, for example, when irradiated byprescribed light. The invention allows detection of fraud withoutbringing discomfort to players or the like.

The reading means may read a code that is set up so as not to correspondto a mark on a card. In the invention, a code does not correspond to amark on a card. The device of the invention need not recognize a mark ona card. Since the device of the invention is only required to judgeconformity between an entering card and a leaving card, fraud can bedetected without identifying a mark on a card. As the device does notrecognize a mark on a card, a player's feeling that a game is playedfairly can be further increased.

The reading means may read a mark on each card. When the inventionadopts the following configuration, the device can be furthersimplified.

The reading means preferably detects a mark in at least two mark rows ofthree longitudinal mark rows of a card. The at least two mark rows are acentral mark row and one of mark rows on both sides. Since arrangementsof marks on cards are fixed, marks on cards can be identified by theabove simple configuration.

As previously described, it is enough for the invention to obtainminimum information required according to a rule of a game. In Baccarat,for example, suits of marks need not be detected. Preferably, when nomark can be identified in mark rows, the card is judged a face card (J,Q, or K). A face card may be treated as 10 (or zero) in Baccarat.

The reading means may detect a mark in at least five mark rows of ninetransverse mark rows of a card. The at least five mark rows are acentral mark row, one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on bothsides of a center of an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on bothsides of a center of a Ten card. The invention can also identify a mark.

Preferably, the reading means is embedded in a table and includes asensor for reading information from a card that slides on the table. Theinvention allows information to be obtained from a card on a table, sothat a player's feeling that a game is played fairly can be furtherincreased.

Information is preferably read from the entering card and the leavingcard by a common sensor. For example, a sensor is provided at the centerof a table or at other appropriate places, and entering cards andleaving cards are slid on the sensor. Since the number of sensors can besmall, the configuration becomes simple.

Preferably, the device of the invention comprises a rail for guiding acard when the card slides, the rail being provided to protrude from thetable, wherein a positional relationship between the sensor and the railis set up in such a way that information on a card passes through thesensor when the card slides with a side of the card being in contactwith the rail. The invention allows information on a card to be readreliably.

The reading device may comprise an entering reading means and a leavingreading means as follows: an entering reading means reads informationfrom an entering card, the entering reading means being provided at ashooter or at a path through which a card enters from a shooter; and aleaving reading means reads information from a leaving card, the leavingreading means being provided at a card recovery (or leaving) opening orat a path through which a card leaves through a card recovery opening.As above, separate sensors may be provided for an entering card and aleaving card.

In addition, the device of the invention may comprise a reading meansprovided at a path through which a card is guided in association with ashooter and recovery opening. This allows information to be readreliably from a card even if the above-described rail is not especiallyprovided.

The device of the invention may comprise: an information attachmentmeans for attaching a code to a card when the card enters; and a readingmeans for reading a code when a card leaves, the code being attached bythe information attachment means. The entering card informationobtaining means obtains as the entering card information informationthat is attached by the information attachment means, and the leavingcard information obtaining means obtains as the leaving card informationinformation that is read by the reading means. The informationattachment means may print a code on a card.

In the invention, a code is attached when a card enters. Advantages ofthe invention can be successfully obtained also with such aconfiguration. In this configuration, a code need not correspond to amark. A code may represent, for example, a random number without regardto a mark. In this case, a mark on a card need not be recognized by thedetection device. Even if a mark is not recognized, a comparison betweenan entering card and a leaving card can be made, so that a fraud isdetected. As the device does not recognize a mark on a card, a player'sfeeling that a game is played fairly can be further increased.

The output means preferably outputs a judgment result in such a way thatwhether entering card information and leaving card information of eachof a plurality of players are identical or not can be distinguished. Thedevice of the invention can identify a player who committed a fraud.

Another aspect of the invention is a card game fraud detection device,which comprises: a reader for reading information on a card, the readerbeing provided at or near a table; and a judgment means for judgingwhether an entering card that is a card entering a game and a leavingcard that is a card leaving a game are identical or not based oninformation that is read by the reader.

The invention allows detection of fraud in a card game, with a simpleconfiguration comprising a reader provided at or near a table. Anyconventional and common device for continuously transferring a card neednot be provided. A fraud can be detected on the spot by judging whetheran entering card and a leaving card are identical or not.

By the way, in the invention, information on a card is, for example, theabove code and mark.

Additionally, in the invention, the reader typically reads, but notlimited to, information from both of an entering card and a leavingcard. For example, when a card enters from a shooter, a code is printedon the card and the printed code is stored. A code is then read from aleaving card by the reader. The read code is compared with the storedcode. In this case, the reader reads information only from a leavingcard.

In another example, the reader reads from a leaving card a coderepresenting a group. The read code is then compared with a groupreserved in a card-providing source (shooter etc.). Preferably, a groupof new cards or a group of previously inspected cards is placed in thecard-providing source. Conformity between an entering card and a leavingcard can also be judged in this configuration, provided that cards ofthe same group are placed in the card-providing source. Informationother than a group code, which brings the same result, may of course beused.

In the invention, “at or near a table” means a part of a path throughwhich a card passes in a game. For example, in a case where the tablecomprises a shooter, i.e. a card-providing source, and a storage sectionfor used cards, “at or near a table” is a part somewhere in a path thatpasses though the table from the card-providing source to the storagesection. The reader is therefore typically provided at, but not limitedto, a part on a table. For example, the reader may be provided at arecovery opening for the purpose of the above configuration for readinginformation only from a leaving card.

The reader is preferably provided at a base section which forms a partof a table and through which a card sliding on the table passes. Theinvention allows detection of fraud in a card game, with a simpleconfiguration provided at a part of a table.

By the way, in the invention, the base section may be a member differentfrom the table and may be mounted at an opening provided at the table.Alternately, the base section need not be a member different from thetable. In this case, the reader may be installed in an area of a memberthat forms the table.

The device of the invention preferably comprises a guide means forguiding a card so as to make the card pass through a path where thereader can read information. Preferably, the guide means comprises arail for guiding a card when the card slides, the rail being provided toprotrude from the table, and the rail is provided in such a way thatinformation on a card passes through the reader when the card slideswith a side of the card being in contact with the rail. This allowsinformation on a card to be read reliably.

The device of the invention preferably has a plurality of sensors fordetecting the existence of a card, the sensors being provided along therail. Then, whether a card is sliding with a side of the card being incontact with the rail or not is detected based on whether the pluralityof sensors detect a card or not. This allows information on a card to beread more reliably. Erroneous judgments caused by a card being slid atan inappropriate angle can be prevented.

Another aspect of the invention is a mark reading device for reading amark from a card. This device comprises: a detection means for detectinga mark in at least two mark rows of three longitudinal mark rows of acard, the at least two mark rows being a central mark row and one ofmark rows on both sides; and a mark number determination means fordetermining the number of marks on a card based on a detection result ofthe detection means. This device determines the number of marks on acard, focusing on the fact that arrangements of marks on cards arefixed. This device is preferably applied to the above-described frauddetection device, but may also be applied to other devices that processcards.

Another aspect of the invention is a card mark reading device forreading a mark from a card, and this device comprises: a detection meansfor detecting a mark in at least five mark rows of nine transverse markrows of a card, the at least five mark rows being a central mark row,one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on both sides of a centerof an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on both sides of a center ofa Ten card; and a mark number determination means for determining thenumber of marks on a card based on a detection result of the detectionmeans. This device, too, determines the number of marks on a card,focusing on the fact that arrangements of marks on cards are fixed. Thisdevice, too, is preferably applied to the above-described frauddetection device, but may also be applied to other devices that processcards.

The detection means can detect a difference in color between a mark anda part where there is no mark on a card. Typically, red and black aredistinguished from white. Since it is enough to be able to detect adifference in color, a simple sensor can be applied, so that costs canbe reduced. For example, under the rules of Baccarat, suits of cards donot affect a game. The invention is preferably used for such a case.

Preferably, when no mark can be identified in mark rows, the card isjudged a face card (J, Q, or K). A face card may be treated as 10 (orzero) in a game of Baccarat or the like.

The card mark reading device of the invention preferably comprises aguide means for guiding a card so as to make a mark row of the card passthrough the detection means. The guide means may comprise a rail forguiding a card when the card slides, the rail being provided to protrudefrom a table on which a card game is played. In this case, a positionalrelationship between the detection means and the rail is set up in sucha way that a mark row passes through the detection means when the cardslides with a side of the card being in contact with the rail. Theinvention allows the number of marks on a card to be determinedreliably.

The invention is not limited to the above-described aspects, i.e. thecard game fraud detection device and the card mark reading device.Another aspect of the invention is, for example, a method performed bythe above devices, a program making a computer perform such a method, ora storage medium storing such a program.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a table on which a card game fraud detection device of anembodiment of the invention is provided;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fraud detection device;

FIG. 3 shows a card to be inspected;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the fraud detection device;

FIG. 5 shows a positional relationship between a card and sensors;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the fraud detection device;

FIG. 7 shows a bracket for mounting a sensor;

FIG. 8 is a side view of the fraud detection device;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the fraud detection device;

FIG. 10 is a view seen from an arrow X in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows the fraud detection device with the table;

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of ajudgment computer device;

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a process for determining the number ofmarks on a card in the embodiment of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a process for determining the number ofmarks on a card in the embodiment of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the configuration of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 shows a card to be applied to the embodiment of FIG. 19; and

FIG. 22 shows a code reading operation according to the embodiment ofFIG. 19.

BEST MODE OF EMBODYING THE INVENTION

Now, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a table on which a card game fraud detection device of theembodiment is provided. This table 1 is used in Baccarat. However, theinvention can of course also be applied to a game other than Baccarat.

Though the table 1 is shown in a simplified schematic in FIG. 1, acommon Baccarat table may be applied when the invention is practiced. Asis commonly known, Baccarat is played by a player and a banker. However,both of a player and a banker are called a player in the presentapplication.

As shown in FIG. 1, a shooter 3 and a recovery opening 5 are provided onboth sides of the table 1, respectively. The shooter 3 is a providingsource of cards, and cards released from the shooter 3 are dealt toplayers. After an end of a game, cards are discharged through therecovery opening 5 to be stored in a storage section for used cards (notshown).

Here in the embodiment, a card that enters each game is called anentering card, and a card that leaves each game is called a leavingcard. An entering card enters a game through the shooter 3 to the table,and a leaving card leaves from the table through the recovery opening 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the card game fraud detection device of theembodiment (hereinafter called the fraud detection device) 10 is placedapproximately in the center of the table 1. This position is set up insuch a way that a dealer easily passes a card through the frauddetection device 10.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fraud detection device 10. A baseplate 12 comprising a flat plate is attached to an opening of the table1. Two rod-shaped mounting members 14 are attached to the base plate 12along both edges of it, and these mounting members 14 are put on stepsprovided at the opening of the table 1. The base plate 12 has, forexample, a rectangular shape of 210 mm×130 mm.

In a state that the base plate 12 is mounted on the table 1, the heightof a slide surface 16, i.e. the top surface of the base plate 12, isalmost the same as that of the top surface of the table 1, and thereforethe slide surface 16 is in the same plane as the table 1. A card is slidon the table 1 so as to pass through the slide surface 16.

On the base plate 12, a rail 18 for guiding a card is provided. The rail18 has an L shape. As shown in the figure, the rail 18 forms a gap(groove) 20 between itself and the table 1. A card is inserted into thegap 20. The card is then slid with a side of the card being in contactwith the rail 18 at the bottom of the gap 20. This allows the card to beguided along the rail 18.

In addition, a plurality of windows 22 to 30 are provided in the baseplate 12 along the rail 18. These windows 22 to 30 are partially orcompletely hidden under the rail 18 when the base plate 12 is seen fromabove.

The windows 22 to 30 are provided at positions corresponding to aplurality of sensors provided under the base plate 12. These pluralityof sensors are mounted on a sensor mounting plate 32, which is attachedto the underside of the guide plate 12. Also in the rail 18, threewindows 34, 36, and 38 are provided at positions corresponding to thewindows 22, 28, and 30.

Moreover, another window 40 is provided on the base plate 12. The window40 is provided on the opposite side of the windows 22 to 30 with respectto the rail 18. The window 40 is used for showing a judgment result.Though not shown, an LED device is mounted on the base plate 12. Thewindow 40 is provided at a position corresponding to a lamp of the LEDdevice.

FIG. 3 shows a card to be inspected. As shown in the figure, codes 42and 44 are attached along long sides of a card. The codes 42 and 44 areplaced on all cards including face cards (J, Q, and K) at positionswhere no mark is printed.

The codes 42 and 44 are barcodes corresponding to marks on a card. Oneof the codes 42 and 44 represents a suit (spade, heart, diamond, orclub), and the other represents a rank (value, 1, 2 . . . 10, J, Q, orK). For example, the code 42 represents a suit, and the code 44represents a rank.

The codes, 42 and 44 are printed in UV-luminous ink. UV-luminous inkcannot be read by human eyes under normal use conditions. However,UV-luminous ink emits colored light when exposed to ultraviolet rays.Ultraviolet rays used for seeing UV-luminous ink is called black light.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the fraud detection device 10. An entrance partof the gap of the rail 18 is cut obliquely. This allows a dealer toinsert a card smoothly into the gap of the rail 18.

As shown by dotted lines, five sensors are provided under the base plate12. A first card sensor 46, a second card sensor 48, and a third cardsensor 50 are photoelectric sensors, and they detect the presence orabsence of a card. The sensors 46, 48, and 50 are placed in the gap 20between the rail 18 and the base plate 12, so that the sensors 46, 48,and 50 are positioned near a guide surface of the rail 18.

When a card is guided by the rail 18 to slide, a first reading sensor 52and a second reading sensor 54 read the codes 42 and 44 attached to thecard. The sensors 52 and 54 are placed in such a way that the firstreading sensor 52 reads the code 42 and the second reading sensor readsthe code 44. Light sources for visualizing the codes 42 and 44 areprovided in the sensors 52 and 54. In the embodiment, the light sourcesare LEDs that emit ultraviolet rays (UV LEDs). Applying sensors equippedwith such LEDs allows the device to be smaller.

FIG. 5 shows a positional relationship between a card and the sensors.Suppose the card is slid and reaches a position A. When the card is atthe position A, the first card sensor 46 and the second card sensor 48detect the card at the same time. The first reading sensor 52 and thesecond reading sensor 54 are approaching the codes 42 and 44. At thisposition, the first reading sensor 52 and the second reading sensor 54are controlled to start reading, and the codes are detected. When thecard slides and reaches a position B, the card is detected by the secondcard sensor 48 and the third card sensor 50 at the same time.

In the above description, the detection of the card by the second cardsensor 48 is a trigger to start reading.

Additionally, an attitude of the card is judged based on a detectionresult of the first card sensor 46, the second card sensor 48, and thethird card sensor 50. This judgment is made in order to judge whetherthe card is sliding with a side of the card being in contact with therail or not. It is judged that the card passed through in an appropriateattitude when: (1) the first card sensor 46, the second card sensor 48,and the third card sensor 50 detect the card in order; (2) these sensorsdetect that the card passed through (the card became nonexistent) inorder; (3) the first card sensor 46 and the second card sensor 48 detectthe card at the same time; and (4) the second card sensor 48 and thethird card sensor 50 detect the card at the same time. In other cases,it is judged that the card did not pass through in an appropriateattitude. This judgment process is performed by a judgment computerdevice described later.

Returning to FIG. 4, an LED device 56 mounted on the underside of thebase plate 12 is seen through a window 44 near the center part of therail 18. The LED device 56 has seven LED elements.

An LED element 58 indicates a result of the above-described judgment ofa card attitude. For example, the LED element 58 lights up to indicatethat the attitude was appropriate.

LED elements 60 to 70 indicate a result of detecting the presence orabsence of a fraud. More specifically, the LED elements 60 to 70indicate a result of judging whether an entering card and a leaving cardare identical or not. When one entering card is dealt, a code is readfrom the entering card and one LED element lights up. Then, if a leavingcard and an entering card are identical when a code is read from aleaving card, a corresponding LED element goes off. The judgment processwill be described further specifically later.

FIG. 6 shows a front view of the fraud detection device 10. The sensormounting plate 32 is formed by bending a sheet of plate member. Thesensor mounting plate 32 has a flat section 72, wall sections 74extending upward from both edges of the flat section 72, and flangesections 76 provided at upper edges of the wall sections 74. The flangesections 76 are attached to the underside of the base plate 12 with notshown bolts.

In the attached state, a space of appropriate size is formed between theflat section 72 and the base plate 12. The sensors 46 to 54 are providedin this space. As shown in the figure, the sensors 46 to 54 are mountedon the flat section 72 using L-shaped brackets 78 and 80. The height ofeach sensor is set depending on the detection distance of the sensor.

FIG. 7 shows the bracket 78 for mounting the sensors 46 to 50. Thebracket 78 is attached to the sensor mounting plate 32 with bolts (notshown) through holes 82, and is attached to the sensors 46 to 50 withbolts (not shown) through holes 80. Though not shown, brackets for thesensors 52 and 54 has the same configuration. However, the sizes of thebrackets are of course different depending on the sizes and detectiondistances of the sensors.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the fraud detection device 10. The mountingmembers 14 are attached to both edges of the base plate 12 using bolts(not shown). As previously described, the mounting members 14 are usedfor mounting the present device on the table 1. For example, themounting members 14 are stuck to the opening of the table 1. Themounting members 14 may be secured with screws or the like.

Also as previously described, a card (phantom line) is inserted into thegap 20 between the rail 18 and the base plate 12, and then the card isguided by the bottom surface of the gap 20. The rail 18 is attached tothe base plate 12 with bolts (not shown), too.

In the embodiment, the rail 18 is secured to the base plate 12 at threeplaces, i.e. the center and both edges. At both edges, the rail 18 andthe sensor mounting plate 32 are secured to the base plate 12 with onebolt. A tapped hole is provided on the rail 18, and a bolt is tightenedinto this tapped hole from the underside of the sensor mounting plate32.

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the fraud detection device 10. FIG. 9 showsan LED box 86 for mounting the LED device 56. The LED device 56 iscontained in the LED box 86, which is attached to the undersurface ofthe base plate 12. The attachment position is set in such a way that theposition of the LED elements of the LED device 56 corresponds to thewindow 44 of the base plate 12.

FIG. 10 is a view seen from an arrow X in FIG. 9. The LED box 86 hasflange sections 88 at its top edges. The flange sections 88 are attachedto the base plate 12 using bolts (not shown).

FIG. 11 shows the fraud detection device 10 with the table 1. As shownin the figure, the fraud detection device 10 has a judgment computerdevice 90 along with the above-described configuration provided on thebase plate 12. The judgment computer device 90 is mounted on theundersurface of the base plate 12 with a not shown bracket.

The judgment computer device 90 is connected with the sensors 46 to 54mounted on the base plate 12 and with the LED device 56.

The judgment computer device 90 is composed of a microcomputer, and ithas a common computer configuration including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, andthe like. By executing a program stored in the ROM, the judgmentcomputer device 90 controls the sensors and LEDs of the base plate 12,and performs a process related to fraud detection.

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of thejudgment computer device 90. The judgment computer device 90 receivesdetection signals from the first card sensor 46, the second card sensor48, and the third card sensor 50. The judgment computer device 90 alsocontrols the first reading sensor 52 and the second reading sensor 54 tohave them read codes on a card, and receives detection signals from bothsensors 52 and 54. The judgment computer device 90 further controls theLED device 56 to have it switch on and off the LED elements 58 to 70.

In FIG. 12, a reading instruction section 92 instructs the first readingsensor 52 and the second reading sensor 54 to start and end a readingoperation. On receiving from the second card sensor 48 a detectionsignal indicating the existence of a card, the reading instructionsection 92 has the sensors 52 and 54 start reading, so that barcodes areread. Then, on receiving from the third card sensor 50 a detectionsignal indicating the existence of a card, the reading instructionsection 92 has the sensors 52 and 54 end reading.

Based on detection signals from the first card sensor 46, the secondcard sensor 48, and the third card sensor 50, an attitude judgmentsection 94 judges whether an attitude of a card at the time of slide wasappropriate or not. As previously described, the attitude judgmentsection 94 judges that the card passed through in an appropriateattitude when: (1) the first card sensor 46, the second card sensor 48,and the third card sensor 50 detect the card in order; (2) these sensorsdetect that the card passed through (the card became nonexistent) inorder; (3) the first card sensor 46 and the second card sensor 48 detectthe card at the same time; and (4) the second card sensor 48 and thethird card sensor detect the card at the same time. When the attitude isappropriate, an attitude judgment output processing section 94 turns onthe LED element 58 of the LED device 56.

Algorithms for the attitude judgment are not limited to the above. Forexample, it may be judged that an attitude is appropriate even if notall the above four conditions are met. However, using the above fourconditions allows the attitude judgment to be more correct.

When codes are read from an entering card by the first reading sensor 52and the second reading sensor 54, an entering card information obtainingsection 98 obtains information on the read codes. This information isstored in an entering card information storage section 100 as enteringcard information for identifying an entering card. In Baccarat, up tosix cards are dealt. Information on all dealt cards is obtained by theentering card information obtaining section 98, and is stored in theentering card information storage section 100. The entering cardinformation storage section 100 holds entering card information while agame is being played.

When codes are read from a leaving card by the first reading sensor 52and the second reading sensor 54, a leaving card information obtainingsection 102 obtains information on the read codes. This informationcorresponds to leaving card information for identifying a leaving card.

A judgment section 104 refers to entering card information stored in theentering card information storage section 100 and to leaving cardinformation obtained by the leaving card information obtaining section102. By comparing these pieces of information, the judgment section 104judges whether an entering card and a leaving card are identical or not.

The entering card information storage section 100 stores information ona plurality of entering cards. If one piece of the information isidentical to a leaving card, it is judged that the entering card and theleaving card are identical.

An output processing section 106 outputs information on a judgmentresult by controlling the LED device 56. First, the output processingsection 106 turns on one of the LED elements 60 to 70 each time onepiece of entering card information is obtained. Then, the outputprocessing section 106 turns off one of the LED elements 60 to 70 whenleaving card information is identical to entering card information. Whenall the LED elements 60 to 70 go off, it is indicated that there was nofraud.

Preferably, when an entering card and a leaving card are identical, theLED element that lit up at the time of reading the entering card isturned off. For example, suppose the LED element 64 lit up when oneentering card was read. When the entering card and one leaving card areidentical, the LED element 64 is turned off. This enables to detectwhich player (player or banker) committed fraud.

The LED elements may be previously assigned to each player. For example,the LED elements 60 and 62 correspond to two cards of one player, andthe LED elements 66 and 68 correspond to two cards of another player. Ifthe LED elements are assigned to each player, a player who committedfraud can be distinguished more easily.

In Baccarat, order of dealing cards is usually defined up to secondcards. If order of turning on the LED elements is appropriately set upaccording to the order of deal, the LED elements will be fixedlyassigned to each player as above.

On the other hand, there are many times when a third card is dealt onlyto either player in Baccarat. Therefore, even if order of turning on theLED elements is set up according to order of dealing cards as above,correspondence between players and the LED elements varies depending ona situation of a game in regard to a third card.

However, as for a third card, it is relatively easy for both dealer andplayer to grasp which LED element lit up for which player's card.

Alternatively, by providing an appropriate configuration to detect whichside that a third card is dealt to, a player and an LED element can beallowed to correspond to each other also as to a third card. Forexample, a switch may be provided to designate which player's card codeis read. A dealer may operate this switch.

Additionally, though not shown, an entering start switch and a leavingstart switch are provided in the embodiment at appropriate places inorder to distinguish between an entering card and a leaving card.

The entering start switch is operated by a dealer before a firstentering card is read in each game. The entering start switch may beoperated before a game starts.

The leaving start switch is operated by a dealer before a first leavingcard is read. The leaving start switch may be operated when a game ends.

These switch operation are detected by the judgment computer device 90.After an operation of the entering start switch, information from thereading sensors 52 and 54 is treated as entering card information. Afteran operation of the leaving start switch, information from the readingsensors 52 and 54 is treated as leaving card information.

Entering cards and leaving cards may be distinguished by a configurationother than the above. For example, one switch may be operated before astart of entering and before a start of leaving.

Up to this point, the configuration of the fraud detection device 10 ofthe embodiment has been described. Now, the operation of the frauddetection device 10 will be described.

As is commonly known, Baccarat is continuously played on the table 1.When starting one game, a dealer operates the entering start switch.This operation is detected by the judgment computer device 90.

The dealer takes out cards one by one from the shooter 3 and deals themto players. At this time, the dealer slides the cards along the rail 18while dealing the cards to the players.

When a card is slid in an appropriate attitude, the card is firstdetected by the first card sensor 46, and then by the second card sensor48. Upon detection of a card by the second card sensor 48, the readinginstruction section 92 instructs the first reading sensor 52 and thesecond reading sensor 54 to read codes, and barcodes 42 and 44 on thecard are read. The two rows of codes 40 and 42 represent marks (a suitand a rank) on the card.

According to signals obtained from the sensors, the judgment computerdevice 90 identifies marks on the card. Entering card information isthus obtained by the entering card information obtaining section 98, andstored in the entering card information storage section 100.

The card moves to the third card sensor 50. Upon detection of the cardby the third card sensor 50, the reading instruction section 92instructs the first reading sensor 52 and the second reading sensor 54to end reading. In response to this, the first reading sensor 52 and thesecond reading sensor 54 end the reading operation. Incidentally, theblack light may keep on lighting up regardless of a detection result ofthe card sensors.

The attitude judgment section 94 of the judgment computer device 90judges whether an attitude of a card at the time of slide wasappropriate or not. Judgment criteria are as already described. Aspreviously mentioned, this judgment result indicates whether codes wereread with a side of the card being in contact with the rail 18 or not.If the attitude is appropriate, the attitude judgment output processingsection 96 turns on the LED element 58. If the attitude is notappropriate, the LED element 58 does not light up. In this instance, thedealer slides the card along the rail 18 again.

The output processing section 106 turns on one of the LED elements 60 to70 each time codes are read from one card.

The above operation repeats for all entering cards. Each time oneentering card enters, codes on the entering card are read and stored inthe judgment computer device 90, and one of the LED elements lights up.

Next, the dealer operates the leaving start switch when a game ends. Thedealer then inserts cards used in the game one by one into the recoveryopening 5. At this time, the dealer slides each card along the rail 18while moving the cards to the recovery opening.

Upon a slide of a card, codes on each leaving card are read by the firstreading sensor 52 and the second reading sensor 54. The readingoperation is the same as that of reading an entering card. Attitudejudgment is also made in a like manner. If the attitude is notappropriate, the dealer slides the card again, and a reading operationis performed.

Information on codes read from a leaving card is obtained by the leavingcard information obtaining section 102. The leaving card informationobtaining section 102 thus obtains leaving card information.

The judgment section 104 compares leaving card information to enteringcard information. If the entering card information storage section 100stores entering card information that is identical to leaving cardinformation, the judgment section 104 judges that an entering card and aleaving card are identical. The output processing section 106 then turnsoff one of lighting LED elements. Preferably, as previously described,when one entering card is identical to a leaving card, an LED elementcorresponding to the entering card is turned off.

The above judgment process and LED control are repeated each time codesare read from each leaving card. If all leaving cards are identical toentering cards, all the LED elements go off. This makes it clear thatthere was no substitution of cards in a game and that there was nofraud.

Conversely, suppose one or a plurality of LED elements did not go off.In this case, it is clear that there was a substitution of cards in agame and that there was a fraud.

Up to this point, a preferred embodiment of the invention has beendescribed. Variations of the embodiment will now be described.

UV-luminous ink and sensors that detect the ink are used in theembodiment. A code in UV-luminous ink is invisible to a naked humaneyes, and this is an example of a code that is visible under certainconditions. In contrast to this, another configuration is conceivable.For example, ink that is visualized by infrared light may be applied.For another example, a code may be provided on a card by usingmagnetism. In this case, magnetic sensors are provided on the detectiondevice.

A certain kind of ink becomes visible at a certain temperature. A codemay be printed on a card by using such ink. In this case, the detectiondevice has a configuration in which the temperature of a surface of acard is varied.

Sensors are of course modified according to the type of a code. Anappropriate barcode reader, a CCD camera, and the like can be used as asensor according to a code.

In the above embodiment, the base plate 12 corresponds to the basesection of the invention, and the base section is a member separate fromthe table. However, the invention is not limited to this. The basesection need not be a member different from the table. In this case, therail, the sensors, and the LED device may be mounted in an area of amember that forms the table.

Though the above embodiment comprises a plurality of LED elementsrespectively corresponding to a plurality of cards, the invention is notlimited to this. For example, only one LED element may be provided. Inthis case, the LED element may be turned on when fraud is detected, thatis, when a leaving card that is not identical to any entering card isfound.

LED elements are used in the above embodiment, but an indicator otherthan LED elements may of course be used. Moreover, though a judgmentresult is outputted using an indicator on the table, the invention isnot limited to this. The indicator need not be provided on the table.The indicator may be provided at a remote site such as a control room ofa casino or the like. In addition, a judgment result may be sent to acomputer in a control room or the like.

A judgment result may be outputted with an audible alarm. In this case,a speaker is provided. A sound other than an audible alarm, e.g. a voicemessage or a melody, may be outputted.

In the embodiment, the codes 42 and 44 are printed on a card as shown inFIG. 3. The codes 42 and 44 represent a suit and a rank, respectively,and these codes are used as entering card information and leaving cardinformation.

However, entering card information and leaving card information may beminimum information required according to a rule of a card game to whichthe device of the invention is applied. In Baccarat, suits do not affecta game, and J, Q, and K are treated as 10. Therefore, entering cardinformation and leaving card information may only be 1 to 10 (J, Q, andK are included in 10). It is acceptable that only such codes are givento cards.

Codes may be set up not to correspond to marks on cards. For example, arandom number is given to a card as a code. The device of the inventionneed not recognize a mark on a card. Since it is enough to judgeconformity between an entering card and a leaving card, fraud can bedetected without identifying a mark on a card. As the device does notrecognize a mark on a card, a player's feeling that a game is playedfairly can be further increased.

Moreover, within the scope of the invention, the device of the inventionmay use as entering card information and leaving card information a coderepresenting a group (or set). A group may be one deck or a plurality ofdecks. A group code attached to an entering card is compared with agroup code attached to a leaving card. Conformity between an enteringcard and a leaving card can also be judged in this case. Informationother than a group code, which brings the same result, may of course beused.

In another example, the reader reads from a leaving card a coderepresenting a group. A group code is previously inputted into thejudgment computer device 90. The group code is a code of a groupreserved in a card-providing source (shooter etc.). Preferably, a groupof new cards or a group of previously inspected cards is placed in thecard-providing source. The inputted group code is obtained and stored asentering card information. The read code is then compared with thestored code.

Conformity between an entering card and a leaving card can also bejudged in this configuration, provided that cards of the same group areplaced in the card-providing source. Information other than a groupcode, which brings the same result, may of course be used. In thisconfiguration, information need not be read from each entering card.

In this configuration, since an entering card is not read at thebeginning, it is preferable that the control of the LED device beappropriately modified from the above embodiment.

In still another example, a group code need not be previously inputted.Group codes of a plurality of leaving cards are compared with eachother, and when there is a leaving card that has a group code differentfrom the others, the leaving card is judged not to be identical to anentering card. Supposing that a group code of a first leaving card isthe appropriate group code of entering cards, the group code may becompared with group codes of other leaving cards.

Further describing the above configuration, there are not many timeswhen a plurality of cards are substituted in an actual fraud. Usuallyone or a small number of cards are substituted. On the assumption ofthis, conformity between an entering card and a leaving card can also bejudged by the above comparison between codes on leaving cards. Also inthe embodiment, a fraud can be detected on the spot by the judgment ofconformity among cards in a game as previously described.

In a configuration where a group code is used, a fraud cannot bedetected when one card is substituted for a card of the same group, andthe effectiveness of fraud detection is limited in this respect.However, a card of a different group is used in relatively many frauds,and the difference between an entering card and a leaving card isdetected in such a case, so that a fraud can be detected.

On the other hand, it can be said that the previously describedembodiment is more advantageous in that a fraud using a card of the samegroup can be detected.

Additionally, within the scope of the invention, both a group code andinformation on a mark on a card may be used for fraud detection.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the invention. Descriptions ofmatters like those of the above embodiment will be appropriately omittedin the following description.

As shown in FIG. 13, an entering sensor 110 is provided at a shooter 3in the embodiment. The shooter 3 is provided with a configuration forguiding a card. The entering sensor 110 reads a code from an enteringcard that is guided when going out from the shooter 3.

In addition, a leaving sensor 112 is provided at a recovery opening 5.The recovery opening 5 is also provided with a configuration for guidinga card. The leaving sensor 112 reads a code from a leaving card that isguided when passing through the recovery opening 5.

Moreover, an LED device 114 is provided near the center of a table 1,and a judgment computer device 116 is mounted on the underside of thetable 1. The judgment computer device 116 performs a judgment processlike that of the above embodiment based on read signals from theentering sensor 110 and the leaving sensor 112. The judgment computerdevice 116 then controls the LED device 114 and shows a judgment result.A configuration of the judgment computer device regarding the judgmentprocess or the like may be the same as that of the above embodiment.

As can be seen in the embodiment, entering card information and leavingcard information may be read by different readers.

In addition, guide means are provided at the shooter 3 and the recoveryopening 5 in the embodiment. These guide means are used for reading acode on a card. A dedicated guide means need not be provided for thefraud detection device. The configuration of the device is thereforesimplified.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment, acode is added to a card when an entering card enters. For this reason, acode need not be read from an entering card. A code is read from aleaving card, as is the case with the previously described embodiment.

In FIG. 14, a base plate 12 and sensors and LEDs mounted thereon may bethe same as those of the previously described embodiment. A judgmentcomputer device 90 has the configuration of the previously describedembodiment, and further has a code generation section 120 for generatinga code to be printed on an entering card. Additionally, a code printingdevice 122 is provided at the shooter 3.

In the embodiment, the code generation section 120 generates a code. Acode is a random number. This code is sent from the judgment computerdevice 90 to the code printing device 120. When a card is dischargedfrom the shooter 3, the code printing device 120 prints on the card acode received from the judgment computer device 90. A code is thus addedto a card.

The code printing device 120 informs the judgment computer device 90that it has printed a code on a card. In response to this, the codegeneration section 120 generates a next code. A random number is alsogenerated here.

Such operation is repeated, and codes of random numbers will be beingprinted on cards that enter successively.

In the judgment computer device 90, when the code generation section 120has generated a code, an entering card information obtaining section 98obtains this code. The obtained code is stored in an entering cardinformation storage section 100 as entering card information.

In the embodiment, entering card information is obtained as above.Therefore, a card need not be read by the sensors on the base plate 12when the card is dealt. At an end of a game, the sensors on the baseplate 12 read a code from a leaving card. The read signals are sent tothe judgment computer device 90. The judgment computer device 90 judgeswhether an entering card and the leaving card are identical or not, asis the case with the previously described embodiment.

A fraud detection device of the embodiment can detect a fraud by judgingwhether an entering card and a leaving card are identical or not, aswith the previously described embodiment.

In the embodiment, the code generation section 120 generates a randomnumber. In this case, a code does not correspond to a mark on a card, sothe detection device does not recognize a mark on a card. However, evenif a mark is not recognized, a comparison between an entering card and aleaving card can be made, so that a fraud is detected reliably. As thedevice does not recognize a mark on a card, a player's feeling that agame is played fairly can be further increased.

In the above embodiment, the code printing device is one form ofinformation addition means of the invention, but the invention is notlimited to this. An information addition means is made to suit tospecifications of a code. For example, in a case where a magnetic codeis applied, a device for adding a magnetic code corresponds to theinformation addition means.

Now, another embodiment of the invention will be described. In thefollowing embodiment, a mark on a card is read instead of a code givento a card. Particularly, a configuration for reading a mark on a card issimple in the embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 15, marks form three rows longitudinally on a card. Asshown in FIG. 15, two sensors are provided to detect a central mark rowand one of mark rows on both sides.

More specifically, in the embodiment, one of mark rows on both sides iscalled a first row, and the central mark row is called a second row. Afirst reading sensor 132 is so placed as to read a mark in the firstrow, and a second reading sensor 134 is so placed as to read a mark inthe second row.

These sensors 132 and 134 comprise a camera. The sensors 132 and 134need only be able to detect the presence or absence of a mark. For thisreason, a sensor that can distinguish between a colored part (red orblack) and a white part of a card is applied as the sensors 132 and 134.In short, the sensors 132 and 134 detect a difference in color between amark and a part where there is no mark on a card.

The sensors 132 and 134 are provided instead of the sensors for readingUV-luminous ink of the above embodiment. While the sensors read a codeon an edge of a card in the above embodiment, the sensors 132 and 134read marks in the first row and the second row in this embodiment.According to this difference, positions of the sensors are modified, andpositions of windows of the base plate are also modified. In addition, alight for lighting a card is provided as required.

A mark reading process in the embodiment will now be described.Arrangements of marks are common in all popular cards, where one to tenmarks are placed in three rows. The number of marks is determined usingthis characteristic.

FIG. 16 shows an algorithm for determining the number of marks. Thisalgorithm is executed by a judgment computer device. The judgmentcomputer device receives detection signals from the first reading sensor132 and the second reading sensor 134. Based on the detection signals,the numbers of marks in the first row and the second row are determined.The process of FIG. 16 is then performed using the numbers of marks inthe first row and the second row.

In the process of FIG. 16, the judgment computer device first judgeswhether the number of marks is determined or not (S10). As is commonlyknown, face cards (J, Q, and K) are printed with complex patterns, sothat the number of marks is not determined. In this case, it is judgedthat the number of marks is ten (S12). This judgment is appropriatesince J, Q, and K are treated as ten (or zero) in Baccarat.

Next, if S10 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether thenumber of marks in the first row is zero or not (S14). If S16 is YES,whether the number of marks in the second row is one or not is judged(S16). If S14 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks is one (A)(S18).

By the way, it is desirable that the pattern of the Ace of spades incards used in the embodiment has the size of a certain range. The sizeof the pattern of the Ace of spades need only be in a range where thecard can be distinguished from face cards. The Ace of spades may bedetected as the other Aces are.

As for the Ace of spades, the judgment computer device 90 may judgewhether a mark different from face cards but larger than other marks isdetected or not, and may judge that the target card is the Ace of spadeswhen such a mark is detected. This step is inserted, for example, afterS10 (not shown). Here, it is considered that the Ace of spades is largerthan marks of the other Aces or the like and is complicated.

For another variation, the mark of the Ace of spades may have the samedimensions and size as the other spades have.

If S16 is NO, whether the number of marks in the second row is two ornot is judged (S20). If S20 is YES, it is judged that the number ofmarks is two (S22), or if S20 is NO, it is judged that the number ofmarks is three (S24).

If S14 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether the number ofmarks in the second row is two or not (S26). If S26 is YES, whether thenumber of marks in the second row is zero or not is judged (S28). If S28is YES, it is judged that the number of marks on the card is four (S30),or if S28 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks is five (S32).

If S26 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether the number ofmarks in the first row is three or not (S34). If S34 is YES, whether thenumber of marks in the second row is zero or not is judged (S36). If S36is YES, it is judged that the number of marks on the card is six (S38).If S36 is NO, whether the number of marks in the second row is one ornot is judged (S40). If S40 is YES, it is judged that the number ofmarks is seven (S42), or if S40 is NO, it is judged that the number ofmarks is eight (S44).

If S34 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether the number ofmarks in the second row is one or not (S46). If S46 is YES, it is judgedthat the number of marks is nine (S48), or if S46 is NO, it is judgedthat the number of marks is ten (S50).

As above, the process of FIG. 16 can determine the number of marks on acard (the card number) using the arrangement characteristic of marks oncards. This number of marks is processed by the judgment computer deviceas entering card information and leaving card information. The enteringcard information and the leaving card information are then compared andjudged whether the two are identical or not.

As described above, within the scope of the invention, a mark on a cardmay be read in order to obtain entering card information and leavingcard information.

In the embodiment, a mark can be read with a simple configuration byusing arrangements of marks.

In the embodiment, the process of FIG. 16 determines the number ofmarks. However, the invention is not limited to this. The algorithm ofFIG. 16 may be varied. For example, the number of marks in the secondrow may be judged first. For another example, a table corresponding tothe algorithm of FIG. 16 may be stored in the judgment computer device.In this table, combinations of the numbers of marks in the first row andthe second row are associated with the numbers of marks on cards. Thecard number is determined by referring to this table.

As a variation of the embodiment, the number of marks on a card may bedetermined by calculation. In this case, twice the number of marks inthe first row and the number of marks in the second row are added up.

As a variation of the embodiment, three sensors may be providedcorresponding to the three mark rows. The numbers of marks detected bythe three sensors are summed up. This sum represents the number ofmarks.

A different configuration may also be applied for reading a mark withinthe scope of the invention. For example, a rank (A, 2 . . . 10, J, Q, orK) is printed on four corners of a card. This rank may be shot by acamera, and the rank may be identified by image processing. However, theabove-described configuration where arrangements of marks are used issimpler than such a configuration.

Another embodiment of the invention will be described next. Theprinciple of the embodiment is the same as that of the above embodiment.However, the embodiment focuses on transverse mark rows.

Referring to FIG. 17, there are nine transverse mark rows on a card. Theupper part of FIG. 17 is an Eight card, where five mark rows P1 to P5are shown. The lower part of FIG. 17 is a Ten card, where the other fourmark rows Q1 to Q4 are shown. In the nine mark rows, there are rows inwhich only one mark can exist (P2, P4, Q1, and Q4). These are alsocalled mark rows in the embodiment.

In the embodiment, five sensors are provided to detect marks in fivemark rows out of the nine mark rows. The five mark rows are a centralmark row, one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on both sides ofa center of an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on both sides of acenter of a Ten card (the same in a Nine card).

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 17, reading sensors 140 to 148 areprovided corresponding to the mark rows P1, P2, P3, P4, and Q2.Actually, these sensors are arranged at appropriate intervals on a baseplate. P2 and Q2 may be read by one sensor. In this case, reading thefive lines may be realized by providing four sensors.

The reading sensors 140 to 148 may be the same as those of the aboveembodiment. That is, the sensors 140 to 148 comprise a camera, andoutput signals to distinguish between a mark part and a background partof a card. Detection signals are sent to a judgment computer device,where the numbers of marks in each row are determined.

In the embodiment, a card is slid transversely. The sliding direction isperpendicular to the sliding direction in the above embodiments. Theconfiguration of the guide rail, card sensors, and the like are modifiedto accommodate the difference.

FIG. 18 shows a process performed by the judgment computer device. Thisprocess determines the number of marks on a card.

In the process of FIG. 18, the judgment computer device first judgeswhether the number of marks is determined or not (S100). When face cards(J, Q, and K) are read, the number of marks is not determined. In thiscase, it is judged that the number of marks is ten (S102). Theembodiment is the same as the previously described embodiment in thisrespect.

Next, if S100 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether thenumber of marks in P1 is zero or not (S104). If S104 is YES, it isjudged that the number of marks is one (S106). The processing of the Aceof spades may be the same as that of the previous embodiment.

If S104 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether P1 is one ornot (S108). If S108 is YES, whether P3 is zero or not is judged (S110).If S110 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks is two (S112), orif S110 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks is three (S114).

If S108 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether P3 is zero ornot (S116). If S116 is YES, whether Q2 is zero or not is judged (S118).If S118 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks is four (S120), orif S118 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks is ten (S122).

If S16 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether P3 is one ornot (S124). If S124 is YES, whether Q2 is zero or not is judged (S126).If S126 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks is five (S128), orif S126 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks is nine (S130).

If S124 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether P2 is zero ornot (S132). If S132 is YES, whether P4 is zero or not is judged (S134).If S134 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks is six (S136), orif S134 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks is seven (S138).

If S132 is NO, the judgment computer device judges whether P4 is zero ornot (S140). If S140 is YES, it is judged that the number of marks isseven (S142), or if S140 is NO, it is judged that the number of marks iseight (S144).

Also in the embodiment, the algorithm may of course be varied. A tablemay be prepared and referred to by the judgment computer device.Moreover, the number of marks may be calculated from a detection resultof sensors. In this case, marks in at least the Q1 row or Q4 row aredetected in addition to the above five rows. Of course, marks in morerows may be detected.

Also in the embodiment, the number of marks can be detected with arelatively simple configuration. However, the configuration of the aboveembodiment of FIG. 15 is simpler, since fewer sensors are required.

Now, another embodiment of the invention will be described. In theembodiment, a black light is used to read a code from a card. Aconfiguration relating to reading a code is different from that of theembodiment of FIG. 1. A configuration and operation relating to ajudgment of fraud, output of the judgment, and other processes for aread code may be the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1.Descriptions of matters like those of the embodiment of FIG. 1 will beappropriately omitted in the following description.

FIG. 19 shows a configuration for reading a code in the embodiment. Inthe embodiment, a guide 150 is provided on a table in order to guide acard. The guide 150 is provided on a base plate 152 that is embedded inthe table. The guide 150 may be attached directly to the table.

As shown in the figure, the guide 150 has an L shape as a whole. Theguide 150 comprises a long side guide 154 and a short side guide 156,which guide a long side and short side of a card, respectively. The longside guide 154 and the short side guide 156 are rod-shaped and connectedwith each other at a right angle.

Referring to a perspective view in FIG. 20, the long side guide 154 andshort side guide 156 of the guide 150 have guide wall section 158 and acover section 160. The cover section 160 extends from the guide wallsection 158 parallel to the base plate 152. This forms a gap 162 betweenthe cover section 160 and the base plate 152.

When a code is read, a card is inserted into the gap 162 by a dealer.The dealer then appropriately slides the card to make a long side andshort side of a card meet the guide wall section 158 of the long sideguide 154 and short side guide 156. This allows the card to be guided toa certain reading position. That is, the certain reading position is aposition where both the long side and short side of the card are incontact with the guide wall 158.

Returning to FIG. 19, a card check sensors 164 and 166 are providedunder the cover section 160 of the long side guide 154 and short sideguide 156. These sensors 164 and 166 are mounted on the backside of thebase plate 152 using an appropriate plate (not shown) as is shown in theprevious embodiment. The card check sensors 164 and 166 arephotoelectric sensors, and have a function to detect the presence orabsence of a card. In order to ensure this function, the base plate 152and the guide 150 have windows 168, 170, 172, and 174 at positionscorresponding to the card check sensors 164 and 166.

In addition, six code reading sensors 178 to 188 are provided under thecover section 160 of the long side guide 154. These sensors 178 to 188are also mounted on the backside of the base plate 152 using anappropriate plate. The code reading sensors 178 to 188 are a kind ofblack light sensor used in the previous embodiment. That is, the sensorcomprises a black light LED and detects ink that reacts to black light.

The code reading sensors 178 to 188 are arranged at appropriateintervals, at equal intervals in FIG. 19, along the long side guide 154.Windows 182 to 192 for the sensors are also provided on the base plate152, corresponding to the code reading sensors 178 to 180.

FIG. 21 shows a card to be applied to the embodiment. A code on a cardis represented by six circles. These six circles represent a cardattached with a code in binary notation. In the binary system, asix-digit code can represent 64 integers. Using 64 integers, differentnumbers are assigned to each of all cards of one deck (1, 2, 3 . . . J,Q, and K of spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs). Circle marks areprovided at positions corresponding to an assigned number. Therefore,though six circles are shown in FIG. 21, an actual card has circle marksonly at positions corresponding to a number assigned to the card.

A code of FIG. 21 is printed on a card by using ink that is invisibleunder normal use conditions. The positions of six circle markscorrespond to the positions of the code reading sensors 178 to 188.

An operation of the embodiment will be described next. This operation isto read a code on a card, and is typically performed at a start and endof a game. However, various variations are conceivable in this respectas previously described.

When reading a code from a card, a dealer slides the card on the tabletoward the guide 150 (e.g. in the direction of an arrow in FIG. 20). Thecard is inserted into the gap 162 under the cover section 160 of theguide 150. A long side and short side of the card then meet the guidewall section 158 of the long side guide 154 and short side guide 156,respectively, and the card stops. In this way, a card is guided to thereading position and positioned.

FIG. 22 shows a positional relationship between a card and the sensors.As shown in FIG. 22, when a card is placed at the reading position andits two sides are in contact with the guide wall 158, the card checksensors 164 and 166 detect the existence of the card at the same time.If both sensors detect the card, an attitude judgment section of ajudgment computer device (not shown) judges that an attitude of the cardis appropriate. The judgment result is outputted using an appropriateLED device or other output devices.

When the attitude is appropriate, positions of six circle marks on thecard correspond to the code reading sensors 178 to 180, respectively, asshown in FIG. 22. The judgment computer device then instructs the codereading sensors 178 to 180 to read a code. In response to this, each ofthe code reading sensors 178 to 180 detects the presence or absence ofits opposing circle mark. If there is any circle mark, the black lightvisualizes the circle mark, which is detected by the sensor. Each of thesensors 178 to 180 outputs a detection signal indicating the presence orabsence of a circle mark.

These detection signals are inputted into the judgment computer device.The judgment computer device stores correspondences between cards andcodes. Referring to these correspondences, a card is identified by meansof detection signals. This identification information is used asentering card information and the like, so that a judgment of a fraud ismade. Output of the judgment and its result may be performed similarlyto the previously described embodiment. The previously mentioned LEDdevice may be provided for the output of the judgment result.

Up to this point, another preferred embodiment of the invention has beendescribed. Also in the embodiment, a code on a card is read by anappropriate configuration, so that a fraud is detected.

In the embodiment, a code corresponds to a mark (a rank and a suit) on acard. However, the invention is not limited to this. A code need notcorrespond to a mark on a card. This is as already explained.

Various embodiments of the invention have thus far described. The aboveembodiments may of course be varied within the scope of the invention bythose skilled in the art. For example, the invention may detect fraud ina game other than Baccarat. In this case, devices of the embodiments maybe appropriately varied as required in the applicable game.

As described so far, the fraud detection device of the invention judgeswhether an entering card and a leaving card are identical or not, andoutputs the judgment result. Therefore, when a card is fraudulentlysubstituted in a game, this act of substitution can be detected.

The device of the invention has only to obtain information on enteringcards and leaving cards. In a game of Baccarat, for example, the numbersof entering cards and leaving cards are at most six. For this reason, ameans to transfer a group of cards need not be provided, so that thedevice can be composed simply and inexpensively.

The fraud detection device of the invention can detect fraud in a cardgame, with a simple configuration comprising a reader provided at ornear a table. Any conventional and common device for continuouslytransferring cards need not be provided. In addition, a fraud can bedetected on the spot.

Moreover, the mark reading device of the invention can determine thenumber of marks with a simple configuration, focusing on the fact thatarrangement patterns of marks on cards are fixed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

As stated above, the card game fraud detection device of the inventionis useful as a device to detect in casinos or the like a fraud that isdifficult to be detected by human beings.

1. A card game fraud detection device for detecting a fraud in a cardgame that is continuously played, said device comprising: an enteringcard information obtaining means for obtaining entering card informationto identify an entering card that is a card entering each game; anentering card information storage means for storing said entering cardinformation while a game is being played; a leaving card informationobtaining means for obtaining leaving card information to identify aleaving card that is a card leaving a game; a judgment means for judgingwhether said entering card and said leaving card are identical or notbased on said entering card information and said leaving cardinformation; and an output means for outputting a judgment result. 2.The card game fraud detection device according to claim 1, having areading means for reading information from a card, wherein said enteringcard information obtaining means and said leaving card informationobtaining means obtain information that is read by said reading means.3. The card game fraud detection device according to claim 2, whereinsaid reading means reads a code that can identify each card, said codebeing given to each card.
 4. The card game fraud detection deviceaccording to claim 3, wherein said reading means reads from a card acode that is invisible to a naked human eye under normal use conditions.5. The card game fraud detection device according to claim 4, whereinsaid reading means reads a code that becomes visible when irradiated byprescribed light.
 6. The card game fraud detection device according toclaim 3, wherein said reading means reads a code that is set up so asnot to correspond to a mark on a card.
 7. The card game fraud detectiondevice according to claim 2, wherein said reading means reads a mark oneach card.
 8. The card game fraud detection device according to claim 7,wherein said reading means detects a mark in at least two mark rows ofthree longitudinal mark rows of a card, said at least two mark rowsbeing a central mark row and one of mark rows on both sides.
 9. The cardgame fraud detection device according to claim 7, wherein said readingmeans detects a mark in at least five mark rows of nine transverse markrows of a card, said at least five mark rows being a central mark row,one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on both sides of a centerof an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on both sides of a center ofa Ten card.
 10. The card game fraud detection device according to claim2, wherein said reading means is embedded in a table and includes asensor for reading information from a card that slides on said table.11. The card game fraud detection device according to claim 10, whereininformation is read from said entering card and said leaving card by acommon sensor.
 12. The card game fraud detection device according toclaim 10, comprising a rail for guiding a card when said card slides,said rail being provided to protrude from said table, wherein apositional relationship between said sensor and said rail is set up insuch a way that information on a card passes through said sensor whensaid card slides with a side of said card being in contact with saidrail.
 13. The card game fraud detection device according to claim 2,wherein said reading means includes: an entering reading means forreading information from an entering card, said entering reading meansbeing provided at a shooter or at a path through which a card entersfrom a shooter; and a leaving reading means for reading information froma leaving card, said leaving reading means being provided at a cardrecovery opening or at a path through which a card leaves through a cardrecovery opening.
 14. The card game fraud detection device according toclaim 1, comprising: an information attachment means for attaching acode to a card when said card enters; and a reading means for reading acode when a card leaves, said code being attached by said informationattachment means, wherein said entering card information obtaining meansobtains as said entering card information information that is attachedby said information attachment means, and wherein said leaving cardinformation obtaining means obtains as said leaving card informationinformation that is read by said reading means.
 15. The card game frauddetection device according to claim 14, wherein said informationattachment means prints a code on a card.
 16. The card game frauddetection device according to claim 1, wherein said output means outputsa judgment result in such a way that whether entering card informationand leaving card information of each of a plurality of players areidentical or not can be distinguished.
 17. A card game fraud detectiondevice for detecting a fraud in a card game that is played on a table,said device comprising: a reader for reading information on a card, saidreader being provided at or near said table; and a judgment means forjudging whether an entering card that is a card entering a game and aleaving card that is a card leaving a game are identical or not based oninformation that is read by said reader.
 18. A card game fraud detectiondevice for detecting a fraud in a card game that is played on a table,said device comprising: a reader for reading information on a card thatpasses through a base section which forms a part of said table andthrough which a card sliding on said table passes, said reader beingprovided at said base section; and a judgment means for judging whetheran entering card that is a card entering a game and a leaving card thatis a card leaving a game are identical or not based on information thatis read by said reader.
 19. The card game fraud detection deviceaccording to claim 17 or 18, comprising a guide means for guiding a cardso as to make said card pass through a path where said reader can readinformation.
 20. The card game fraud detection device according to claim19, wherein said guide means comprises a rail for guiding a card whensaid card slides, said rail being provided to protrude from said table,and wherein said rail is provided in such a way that information on acard passes through said reader when said card slides with a side ofsaid card being in contact with said rail.
 21. The card game frauddetection device according to claim 20, having a plurality of sensorsfor detecting the existence of a card, said sensors being provided alongsaid rail, wherein whether a card is sliding with a side of said cardbeing in contact with said rail or not is detected based on whether saidplurality of sensors detect a card or not.
 22. A mark reading device forreading a mark from a card, said device comprising: a detection meansfor detecting a mark in at least two mark rows of three longitudinalmark rows of a card, said at least two mark rows being a central markrow and one of mark rows on both sides; and a mark number determinationmeans for determining the number of marks on a card based on a detectionresult of said detection means.
 23. A card mark reading device forreading a mark from a card, said device comprising: a detection meansfor detecting a mark in at least five mark rows of nine transverse markrows of a card, said at least five mark rows being a central mark row,one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on both sides of a centerof an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on both sides of a center ofa Ten card; and a mark number determination means for determining thenumber of marks on a card based on a detection result of said detectionmeans.
 24. The card mark reading device according to claim 22 or 23,wherein said detection means can detect a difference in color between amark and a part where there is no mark on a card.
 25. The card markreading device according to claim 22 or 23, comprising a guide means forguiding a card so as to make mark rows of said card pass through saiddetection means.
 26. The card mark reading device according to claim 25,wherein said guide means comprises a rail for guiding a card when saidcard slides, said rail being provided to protrude from a table on whicha card game is played, and wherein a positional relationship betweensaid detection means and said rail is set up in such a way that marksrows pass through said detection means when said card slides with a sideof said card being in contact with said rail.
 27. A card game frauddetection method of detecting a fraud in a card game that iscontinuously played, said method comprising the steps of: readingentering card information to identify an entering card that is a cardentering each game, and sending said information to a judgment computer;making a storage means of said judgment computer store said enteringcard information while a game is being played; reading leaving cardinformation to identify a leaving card that is a card leaving a game,and sending said information to said judgment computer; judging by saidjudgment computer whether said entering card and said leaving card areidentical or not based on said entering card information and saidleaving card information; and an output step of outputting a judgmentresult from said judgment computer.
 28. An information processing methodby a judgment computer for detecting a fraud in a card game that iscontinuously played, said method comprising: an entering cardinformation obtaining step of obtaining entering card information toidentify an entering card that is a card entering each game; making anentering card information storage means store said entering cardinformation while a game is being played; a leaving card informationobtaining step of obtaining leaving card information to identify aleaving card that is a card leaving a game; a judgment step of judgingwhether said entering card and said leaving card are identical or notbased on said entering card information and said leaving cardinformation; and an output step of outputting a judgment result.
 29. Aprogram for making a computer perform information processing fordetecting a fraud in a card game that is continuously played, saidprogram making said computer perform the steps of: an entering cardinformation obtaining step of obtaining entering card information toidentify an entering card that is a card entering each game; making anentering card information storage means store said entering cardinformation while a game is being played; a leaving card informationobtaining step of obtaining leaving card information to identify aleaving card that is a card leaving a game; a judgment step of judgingwhether said entering card and said leaving card are identical or notbased on said entering card information and said leaving cardinformation; and an output step of outputting a judgment result.
 30. Acomputer-readable storage medium storing the program according to claim29.
 31. A mark reading method of reading a mark from a card, said methodcomprising the steps of: detecting a mark in at least two mark rows ofthree longitudinal mark rows of a card and sending a detection signal toa computer, said at least two mark rows being a central mark row and oneof mark rows on both sides; and determining by said computer the numberof marks on a card based on a detection signal of a mark in said atleast two mark rows.
 32. A mark reading method of reading a mark from acard, said method comprising the steps of: detecting a mark in at leastfive mark rows of nine transverse mark rows of a card and sending adetection signal to a computer, said at least five mark rows being acentral mark row, one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on bothsides of a center of an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on bothsides of a center of a Ten card; and determining by said computer thenumber of marks on a card based on a detection signal of a mark in saidat least two mark rows.
 33. A program for making a computer performinformation processing for reading a mark from a card, said programmaking said computer perform the steps of: obtaining a detection signalgenerated when a mark is detected in at least two mark rows of threelongitudinal mark rows of a card, said at least two mark rows being acentral mark row and one of mark rows on both sides; and determining thenumber of marks on a card based on a detection signal of a mark in saidat least two mark rows.
 34. A program for making a computer performinformation processing for reading a mark from a card, said programmaking said computer perform the steps of: obtaining a detection signalgenerated when a mark is detected in at least five mark rows of ninetransverse mark rows of a card, said at least five mark rows being acentral mark row, one of mark rows on both edges, two mark rows on bothsides of a center of an Eight card, and one of two mark rows on bothsides of a center of a Ten card; and determining the number of marks ona card based on a detection signal of a mark in said at least two markrows.
 35. A computer readable storage medium storing the programaccording to claim 33 or 34.